NORMAN LINDSAY 1879-1969 – Boarded, c. 1954 01 CLASSIC WORKS OF ART, MARINE PAINTINGS – WITH FOOTNOTES, #126

NORMAN LINDSAY 1879-1969

Boarded, c. 1954

Watercolour on paper 

51.5 x 40 cm

Private collection

Naval boarding is to come up against, or alongside, an enemy ship to attack by placing combatants aboard the enemy ship. The goal of boarding is to capture, or destroy, the enemy vessel. Larger ships carried specially trained and equipped sailors, or marines, as boarders. More on Boarding

Norman Alfred William Lindsay (22 February 1879 – 21 November 1969) was an Australian artist, etcher, sculptor, writer, editorial cartoonist, scale modeller, and an accomplished amateur boxer.

In 1895, Lindsay moved to Melbourne to work on a local magazine with his older brother Lionel. In 1901, he and Lionel, his older brother, joined the staff of the Sydney Bulletin, a weekly newspaper, magazine and review. His association there would last fifty years.

Lindsay travelled to Europe in 1909. In Naples he began 100 pen-and-ink illustrations for Petronius’ Satyricon. Visits to the then South Kensington Museum where he made sketches of model ships in the Museum’s collection stimulated a lifelong interest in ship models. The Lindsays returned to Australia in 1911.

Lindsay wrote the children’s classic The Magic Pudding which was published in 1918. Many of his novels have a frankness and vitality that matches his art. In 1938, Lindsay published Age of Consent.

Cartoons, by Lindsay, were used both for recruitment and to promote conscription during World War I.

Lindsay also worked as an editorial cartoonist, notable for often illustrating the racist and right-wing political leanings that dominated The Bulletin at that time.

Lindsay influenced numerous artists, notably the illustrators Roy Krenkel and Frank Frazetta; he was also good friends with Ernest Moffitt. More on Norman Alfred William Lindsay

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Abraham de Verwer, (1600 – 1650) Sailing Ships in a Bay 01 Classic Works of Art, Marine Paintings – With Footnotes, #128

Abraham de Verwer, (1600 – 1650)

Sailing Ships in a Bay

Oil on canvas

33 x 42 cm

Private collection

Abraham de Verwer (1585, Haarlem – 1650, Amsterdam), was a Dutch Golden Age painter of cityscapes, (river) landscapes and seascapes. He was also called Abraham de Verweer van Burghstrate. He travelled in northern France and when he returned, he settled in Amsterdam. It is unknown who taught him to paint, but he was noted in his wife’s testament in Haarlem in 1607 as a “schrijnwerker” or cabinet-maker, and in 1614 he was noted in an Amsterdam estate inventory as a painter. He travelled in France from 1637-1639. He was the father of the Amsterdam poet Catharina Verwers and the Amsterdam painter Justus de Verwer.  More on Abraham de Verwer 

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Cornelis Claesz van Wieringen, Coastal Landscape with a Warship at Anchor 01 Classic Works of Art, Marine Paintings – With Footnotes, #127

Cornelis Claesz van Wieringen

Coastal Landscape with a Warship at Anchor

Oil on panel

49.5 x 84.5 cm

Private collection

Cornelis Claesz van Wieringen (c. 1576 – 29 December 1633) was a Dutch Golden Age painter. He was born and died in Haarlem. He was the son of a Haarlem captain

He specialized in paintings depicting ships and sea battles, and received orders from the municipal councils of Haarlem and Amsterdam. He painted the most popular picture of the Damiaatjes legend of Haarlem, showing how a Haarlem ship broke the protective chain at Domyat, Egypt during the Fifth Crusade, resulting in an important victory over Islam. This painting was such a success that it was reordered in tapestry form, and both pieces are in the collection of the Frans Hals Museum.

The city of Haarlem archives still hold the original records of the 1629 order to Van Wieringen to make the tapestry, the largest made in the 17th century (10.75 meters long and 2.40 meters high). This tapestry still hangs on the wall of the Haarlem City Hall council meeting room known as the vroedschapskamer, where it was installed. It is on public display once a year on Monument Day. More on Cornelis Claesz van Wieringen

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Auton Nowak, 1865 – 1932, Gdańsk, A Polish Shipyard 01 Classic Works of Art, Marine Paintings – With Footnotes, #125

Auton Nowak, 1865 – 1932

Gdańsk, A  Polish Shipyard

Oil On Canvas

47″H x 37″W

Private collection

Gdańsk  is a Polish city on the Baltic coast. It is the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland’s principal seaport and the centre of the country’s fourth-largest metropolitan area. The city lies on the southern edge of Gdańsk Bay off the Baltic Sea. 

With its origins as a Polish stronghold erected in the 980s, the city’s history is complex, with periods of Polish rule, periods of Prussian or German rule, and periods of autonomy or self-rule as a “free city”. In the early-modern age Gdańsk was a royal city of Poland. It was considered the wealthiest and the largest city of Poland, prior to the 18th century rapid growth of Warsaw. Between the world wars, the Free City of Danzig was in a customs union with Poland and was located between German East Prussia and the so-called Polish Corridor. More on Gdańsk

Anton Nowak (10 May 1865 – 28 May 1932) was an Austrian artist and graphic designer. Hewas born in Marburg an der Drau and studied at the Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna. In 1894, he joined the Vienna Künstlerhaus.

He was a founding member of the Vienna Secession, and had a work shown at the group’s first exhibition] Nowak contributed woodcuts to the group’s magazine Ver Sacrum, taking inspiration from the northern Adriatic region. He was on the group’s working committee in 1898, 1902, and served as the group’s president in 1908-09.

He also painted watercolours of the Austrian countryside and the city of Brno, where he ran a painting school. 

Nowak’s paintings were brightly coloured and naturalistic; under the Secession’s influence, he experimented with pointillism in the style of Théo van Rysselberghe. His work as a designer was firmly within the Secession’s tradition. He was influenced by Theodor von Hörmann. More on Anton Nowak

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George Albert Thompson, Fishing boats 01 Classic Works of Art by the Old Masters, Marine Paintings – With Footnotes, #21c

George Albert Thompson, (1868 – 1938)

Fishing boats

Oil on canvas

19-1/2 x 23-1/2 in. (49.5 x 59.7 cm.)

Private Collection

George Albert Thompson, (1868 – 1938), best known for Connecticut landscapes and coastal scenes including atmospheric nocturnes, George Thompson frequently painted around Bridgeport, Mystic, and New Haven. 

He was an art teacher at the Yale School of Fine Arts where he studied. He was also a student of John LaFarge and studied in Paris. Thompson was founder and first president of the Mystic Art Association and exhibited at the National Academy, the Pennsylvania Academy and the Corcoran Gallery biennials. More on George Albert Thompson

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Édouard Adam (French, 1847-1929), The ships La Pacicique and Tropique passing at sea 01 Classic Works of Art by the Old Masters, Marine Paintings – With Footnotes, #21c

Édouard Adam (French, 1847-1929)

The ships La Pacicique and Tropique passing at sea

Oil on canvas

24 x 36 in. (60.9 x 91.4 cm.)

Private Collection

Édouard Adam (French, 1847-1929) was the name of both a father and son who painted ship’s portraits in the port of Le Havre around the same time. There is much confusion between the two as their works were quite similar. Both Adams were the official painters to the department of marine in Le Havre and were well known and prolific marine artists.

The younger Adam usually signed himself “Adam Fils” and was better known for his steamships painted in the first quarter of this century. Adam the elder, who was more prolific, specialized in sailing vessels, but painted steamers as well. He is often regarded as the French equivalent of the master American ship portraitist, Antonio Jacobsen and is noted for recording the crucial transition period of wind power to steam.

In addition to many fine portraits of sailing vessels, both Adams painted commissions of the Compagnie Generale Transatlantique Liners, private yachts and naval ships. A commission from Queen Victoria further attests to their abilities. More on Édouard Adam

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Henry Malfroy, Martigues 01 Classic Works of Art by the Old Masters, Marine Paintings – With Footnotes, #21b

Henry Malfroy ( b. January 15, 1895, in Martinique; died in 1944)

Martigues

Oil on canvas

60 x 92 cm

Private Collection

Martigues is a commune northwest of Marseille. It is part of the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region on the eastern end of the Canal de Caronte.

Nicknamed the “Provençale Venice”, Martigues is a point of passage between the Mediterranean Sea and the Sea of Martigues (now Etang de Berre), close to the Côte d’Azur. The charm of its canals, its docks and bridges made it “The Venice of Provence”. Martigues possesses also its cooperative winery “La Venise provençale”: Coteaux d’Aix en Provence, rosé, red and white wines, fruit juices and natural oils in the region. More on Martigues

Henry Malfroy, ( b. January 15, 1895, in Martinique; died in 1944), was born in Martigues (Mouth of the Rhone) on the 15th January 1895. 

He was most likely the son of Charles Malfroy, with whom he is often confused. He was an impressionist painter, specialising in topographical subjects including the town of Cassis, the Mouth of the Rhone, the Var and in particular street scenes of Paris. 

He regularly exhibited at the Salons des Artistes Francais et des Independants. More on Henry Malfroy

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Joaquín Sorolla, 1863 – 1923, SPANISH, RETURN WITH THE CATCH, c. 1908 17 Classic Works of Art by the Old Masters, Marine Paintings – With Footnotes, #21a

Joaquín Sorolla, 1863 – 1923, SPANISH

RETURN WITH THE CATCH, c. 1908

Oil on canvas

25.5 by 37.5cm., 10 by 14½in.

Private Collection

Painted on El Cabañal beach, Valencia, in 1908, the present work takes up a theme that preoccupied Sorolla like no other: returning fishermen attended by their wives and daughters carrying baskets in which to carry to market the day’s catch. The subject had first attracted Sorolla in the early 1890s when he painted his large scale canvas La Vuelta de la pesca in 1894, and exhibited it to great acclaim at the Paris Salon of 1895 (bought by the French State, and now in the Musée d’Orsay). The present work, painted in situ, evokes the bustling atmosphere of the fishing community on the Valencian beach. More on this painting

Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida (27 February 1863 – 10 August 1923) was a Spanish painter. Sorolla excelled in the painting of portraits, landscapes, and monumental works of social and historical themes. His most typical works are characterized by a dexterous representation of the people and landscape under the sunlight of his native land. More on Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida

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Montague Dawson, British, 1895-1973 Night Suspect (A British Coast Guard Cutter in Pursuit) 01 CLASSIC WORKS OF ART, MARINE PAINTINGS – WITH FOOTNOTES, #125

Montague Dawson, British, 1895-1973 

Night Suspect (A British Coast Guard Cutter in Pursuit) 

Signed Montague Dawson(ll) 

Oil on canvas 

25 x 36 inches (61 x 91.5 cm) 

Private collection

The painting depicts the dramatic chase on a moonlit night by the British Coast Guard, firing a canon at suspected smugglers in the English Channel. More on this painting

Montague Dawson RMSA, FRSA (1890–1973) was a British painter who was renowned as a maritime artist. His most famous paintings depict sailing ships, usually clippers or warships of the 18th and 19th centuries. Montague was the son of a keen yachtsman and the grandson of the marine painter Henry Dawson (1811–1878), born in Chiswick, London. Much of his childhood was spent on Southampton Water where he was able to indulge his interest in the study of ships. For a brief period around 1910 Dawson worked for a commercial art studio in Bedford Row, London, but with the outbreak of the First World War he joined the Royal Navy. Whilst serving with the Navy in Falmouth he met Charles Napier Hemy (1841–1917), who considerably influenced his work. In 1924 Dawson was the official artist for an Expedition to the South Seas by the steam yacht St.George. During the expedition he provided illustrated reports to the Graphic magazine.

After the War, Dawson established himself as a professional marine artist, concentrating on historical subjects and portraits of deep-water sailing ships. During the Second World War, he was employed as a war artist. Dawson exhibited regularly at the Royal Society of Marine Artists, of which he became a member, from 1946 to 1964, and occasionally at the Royal Academy between 1917 and 1936. By the 1930s he was considered one of the greatest living marine artists, whose patrons included two American Presidents, Dwight D Eisenhower and Lyndon B Johnson, as well as the British Royal Family. Also in the 1930s, he moved to Milford-Upon-Sea in Hampshire, living there for many years. Dawson is noted for the strict accuracy in the nautical detail of his paintings which often sell for six figures.

The work of Montague Dawson is represented in the National Maritime Museum, Greenwich and the Royal Naval Museum, Portsmouth. More on Montague Dawson

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01 CLASSIC WORKS OF ART BY THE OLD MASTERS, MARINE PAINTINGS – WITH FOOTNOTES, #21G

Joaquín Sorolla, 1863 – 1923, SPANISH

CHILDREN ON THE SHORE, ,c. 1905

Oil on canvas

33.5 by 63cm., 13 by 24¾in.

Private Collection

This scene combines one of Sorolla’s most jewel-like renditions of the sea and cliffs of Cabo de San Antonio, Jávea, with a portrayal of a personal family moment. Depicting, from left to right, his three children, Joaquín, Elena, and María clambering among the rocks, their graceful movements contrast with the aquamarine and turquoise of the inviting water and the rugged faces of the rocky stacks. The canvas is a celebration of all that Sorolla held most dear in his life: the beauty of the Mediterranean coastline and his close-knit family. The sense of complete immersion in the scene is accentuated by the high viewpoint looking down, cutting out the wider bay and the horizon to focus on the fleeting moment. More on this painting

Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida (27 February 1863 – 10 August 1923) was a Spanish painter. Sorolla excelled in the painting of portraits, landscapes, and monumental works of social and historical themes. His most typical works are characterized by a dexterous representation of the people and landscape under the sunlight of his native land. More on Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida

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01 CLASSIC WORKS OF ART BY THE OLD MASTERS, MARINE PAINTINGS – WITH FOOTNOTES, #21F

Ernest Buttura

CÔTE NORMANDE, MER DÉCHAÎNÉE

Oil on canvas

200 x 100 cm

Private Collection

The Normandy coastline stretches for nearly 640km via a series of smaller “côtes” with incredibly evocative names: Côte d’Albâtre (Alabaster Coast), Côte Fleurie (Flower Coast), Côte de Nacre (Mother of Pearl Coast), and so on.

Its cliffs form an imposing wall of chalk which rise in places to over 100m in height. As you travel from one place to the next, you’ll come across valleys and narrow creeks which are home to fishing ports and tourist resorts. More on The Normandy coastline 

Ernest Buttura, born 28 November 1841 in Paris and died in that city in 1920, was a French painter. He entered the School of Fine Arts in 1861 and exhibited regularly at the Salon from 1863. He divided his time between Paris and Cannes.

Siagne, the plain of Laval and the mountains of the Var inspired his work. In Cannes he had a workshop and was an iconic painter of this city. Even thouigh the majority of his paintings were landscapes, he also made studies of rocks and undergrowth, animal paintings, still lifes, bouquets of flowers, and oriental compositions. More on Ernest Buttura

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01 CLASSIC WORKS OF ART BY THE OLD MASTERS, MARINE PAINTINGS – WITH FOOTNOTES, #21E

Helene Schjerfbeck, 1862 – 1946, FINNISH

ON THE JETTY

Oil on canvas

38.5 by 35cm., 15¼ by 13¾in.

Private Collection

The present work was painted in 1879, the year Schjerfbeck completed her studies under Adolf von Becker in Helsinki, and exhibited for the first time with the Finnish Fine Arts Society. Although distinct from the radical new departures her art would later take, this early work reflects Schjerfbeck’s interest in contrasts (here between the generations), and her love of Finland’s coasts. More on this painting

Helene Schjerfbeck (July 10, 1862 – January 23, 1946, in Finland Swedish) was a Finnish painter. She is most widely known for her realist works and self-portraits, and less well known for her landscapes and still lifes. Throughout her long life, her work changed dramatically.

She showed talent at an early age, and by the time she was eleven she was enrolled at the Finnish Art Society Drawing School. She continued her education, with Westermarck, at a private academy run by Adolf von Becker, which utilised the University of Helsinki drawing studio. In 1879, at the age of 17, Schjerfbeck won third prize in a competition organised by the Finnish Art Society, and in 1880 her work was displayed in an annual Finnish Art Society exhibition. She set off to Paris later that year after receiving a travel grant from the Imperial Russian Senate. More on Helene Schjerfbeck

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01 CLASSIC WORKS OF ART BY THE OLD MASTERS, MARINE PAINTINGS – WITH FOOTNOTES, #21D

Egon Schiele – 1890 – 1918

Harbor of Trieste, c. 1907

Oil on cardboard 

Height: 25 cm (9.84 in.) Width: 18 cm (7:09 in.)

Neue Galerie am Landesmuseum  (United States)

The Port of Trieste is a port in the Adriatic Sea in Trieste, Italy. In the period between the beginning of 1700 and 1850, Trieste was mainly an emporium and was given the status of Free Port by Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor in 1719. In 1740, when Empress Maria Theresa of Austria took power, one of the first measures she adopted was to extend the borders of the Free Port area to the periphery of the town, thereby merging the emporium, the port, the new city and the old one. The Empress decided to extend the exemptions from customs duties to the whole city, which attracted many people from different countries and all walks of life (Italians, Serbians, Slovenians, Croats, Jews and Greeks): for them a law was passed, the “Editto di tolleranza”, which provided for the freedom of worship, the possibility to negotiate freely and to own goods. More on The Port of Trieste

Egon Schiele (German: 12 June 1890 – 31 October 1918) was an Austrian painter. A protégé of Gustav Klimt, Schiele was a major figurative painter of the early 20th century. His work is noted for its intensity and its raw sexuality, and the many self-portraits the artist produced, including naked self-portraits. The twisted body shapes and the expressive line that characterize Schiele’s paintings and drawings mark the artist as an early exponent of Expressionism. More on Egon Schiele

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01 CLASSIC WORKS OF ART BY THE OLD MASTERS, MARINE PAINTINGS – WITH FOOTNOTES, #21B

Egon Schiele

Sailing Ship With Dinghy, c. 1908

Oil on cardboard

Private Collection

Egon Schiele (German: 12 June 1890 – 31 October 1918) was an Austrian painter. A protégé of Gustav Klimt, Schiele was a major figurative painter of the early 20th century. His work is noted for its intensity and its raw sexuality, and the many self-portraits the artist produced, including naked self-portraits. The twisted body shapes and the expressive line that characterize Schiele’s paintings and drawings mark the artist as an early exponent of Expressionism. More on Egon Schiele

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01 CLASSIC WORKS OF ART BY THE OLD MASTERS, MARINE PAINTINGS – WITH FOOTNOTES, #21A

Maurice VAUMOUSSE (1876-1961)

Le bassin à Honfleur

Oil on canvas

37 x 55 cm

Private Collection

Honfleur is a commune in the Calvados department in northwestern France. It is located on the southern bank of the estuary of the Seine across from le Havre and very close to the exit of the Pont de Normandie. Its inhabitants are called Honfleurais.

It is especially known for its old, beautiful picturesque port, characterized by its houses with slate-covered frontages, painted many times by artists, including in particular Gustave Courbet, Eugène Boudin, Claude Monet and Johan Jongkind, forming the école de Honfleur which contributed to the appearance of the Impressionist movement. The Sainte-Catherine church, which has a bell tower separate from the principal building, is the largest church made out of wood in France.

Located on the estuary of one of the principal rivers of France with a safe harbour and relatively rich hinterland, Honfleur profited from its strategic position from the start of the Hundred Years’ War. The town’s defences were strengthened by Charles V in order to protect the estuary of the Seine from attacks from the English. This was supported by the nearby port of Harfleur. However, Honfleur was taken and occupied by the English in 1357 and from 1419 to 1450. When under French control, raiding parties often set out from the port to ransack the English coasts, including partially destroying the town of Sandwich, in Kent, England, in the 1450s.  More on Honfleur

Passionate about painting, Vaumousse was a violinist at the Théâtre des arts. He was also one of the regulars of the workshop of the rue des Charettes. Following the example of the master of the outdoors, he observes the seashore, the Seine and the surrounding meadows … A calm and changing nature that he expresses with passion, to better capture “the moment”. The bombings destroyed a large part of its production.

“The School of Rouen”, it is customary to group under this name a number of painters of different backgrounds and even temperaments, but linked together by a friendship to the test of time and the same love of nature . The first three representatives of this group are Joseph Delattre, Charles Angrand and Albert Lebourg. As early as 1877, all these painters were designated by the name of Ecole de Rouen. In 1895, Joseph Delattre founded a “Free Academy” where Pinchon, Louvrier, Guilbert, Couchaux, Vaumousse, Dumont, Tirvert, Hodé, Suzanne, Hénocque, Madeleine joined. Regularly Pissaro came to bring them comfort. In 1907, Delaunay and Paul Mascart created the company of Rouen artists and organized exhibitions in Rouen. More on Maurice VAUMOUSSE

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01 CLASSIC WORK OF ART, MARINE PAINTINGS – WITH FOOTNOTES, #52D

Cornelis Claesz van Wieringen, (c. 1576 – 29 December 1633) 

The Explosion of the Spanish Flagship during the Battle of Gibraltar, c. 1621

Oil on canvas

h 136.8cm × w 187cm.

Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 

On 25 April 1607, thirty Dutch ships took the Spanish fleet by surprise in the Bay of Gibraltar. The Spanish vessels, which posed a threat to Dutch trade, were destroyed. It was the first major Dutch victory at sea. The painter represented this victory in triumphant style, with the Spanish flagship exploding and dozens of crewmembers flying up into the air.

The exploding of the Spanish admiral ship during the sea battle at Gibraltar, 25 April 1607, at the moment the Spanish warship was rammed by a Dutch ship. People are thrown into the air by the explosion. In the foreground seafarers try to save themselves in sloops, others swim in the water. Probably painted as a test piece for the Great Battle of Gibraltar, commissioned by the Amsterdam Admiralty in 1622.  More about this painting

The Dutch admiral Van Heemskerk left some of his ships at the bay entrance to prevent the escape of any Spanish ships. Twenty from the Dutch fleet were ordered to focus on the Spanish galleons while the rest attacked the smaller vessels. Van Heemskerk was killed during the first approach on the Spanish flagship as a cannon ball severed his leg. The Dutch then doubled up on the galleons and a few of the galleons caught fire. One exploded due to a shot into the powder magazine. The Dutch captured the Spanish flagship but let it go adrift.

Following the destruction of the Spanish ships, the Dutch deployed boats and killed hundreds of swimming Spanish sailors. The Dutch lost 100 men including admiral Van Heemskerk. Sixty Dutch were wounded. Depending on the sources, most or all of the Spanish ships were lost and between 3500 and 4000 Spaniards killed or captured. Álvarez de Ávila was amongst the dead. More on the battle

Cornelis Claesz van Wieringen (c. 1576 – 29 December 1633) was a Dutch Golden Age painter. He was born and died in Haarlem. He was the son of a Haarlem captain

He specialized in paintings depicting ships and sea battles, and received orders from the municipal councils of Haarlem and Amsterdam. He painted the most popular picture of the Damiaatjes legend of Haarlem, showing how a Haarlem ship broke the protective chain at Domyat, Egypt during the Fifth Crusade, resulting in an important victory over Islam. This painting was such a success that it was reordered in tapestry form, and both pieces are in the collection of the Frans Hals Museum.

The city of Haarlem archives still hold the original records of the 1629 order to Van Wieringen to make the tapestry, the largest made in the 17th century (10.75 meters long and 2.40 meters high). This tapestry still hangs on the wall of the Haarlem City Hall council meeting room known as the vroedschapskamer, where it was installed. It is on public display once a year on Monument Day. More on Cornelis Claesz van Wieringen

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01 CLASSIC WORKS OF ART, MARINE PAINTINGS – WITH FOOTNOTES, #52C

 Hendrik Cornelisz. Vroom, 

The Return to Amsterdam of the Second Expedition to the East Indies, c, 1599

Oil on canvas

h 102.3cm × w 218.4cm

The Dutch first reached the Indonesian archipelago in 1596. But it was the second attempt, in 1598, that was a commercial triumph. As stated in the inscription on the frame, ‘trade was planted there’ at that time. The first step towards the success of the future VOC had been taken. It was a truly joyous occasion when the fully laden ships dropped anchor again in Amsterdam’s harbour in 1599.

The return in Amsterdam of the second expedition to the East Indies, the so-called Second Ship, headed by Jacobus van Neck, on July 19, 1599. The four large ships Mauritius, Hollant, Overijssel and Vrieslant on the IJ surrounded by many small boats and fully laden rowing boats. The profile of Amsterdam in the far right.  More on this painting

Hendrik Cornelisz Vroom (c.1562 – February 4, 1640 (buried)) was a Dutch Golden Age painter credited with being the founder of Dutch marine art. Beginning with the “birds-eye” viewpoint of earlier Netherlandish marine art, his later works show a view from lower down, and more realistic depiction of the seas themselves. 

Vroom was born in Haarlem. Much of what is known of his life comes from his biography by Karel van Mander. Vroom was born into a family of artists and began his career as a pottery painter and when his mother remarried, he boarded a ship for Spain and from thence via Livorno and Florence to Rome.

In Florence he was patronized by Cardinal Ferdinando de’ Medici, later Grand Duke of Tuscany. While there he became a pupil of Paulus Bril. He went back and forth to Venice, where he earned money as a majolica painter.

When he returned north, he travelled via Milan, Genoa, Albisola. From there he travelled to Paris, and from there he went to Rouen, where he became mortally ill but was saved by a woman who bandaged his head. There he boarded a ship homewards and was back in Haarlem in 1590.

During his next journey, this time to Portugal, he survived shipwreck, but was threatened with execution as “an English pirate” – from which he was saved by being recognized as a Catholic from his salvaged devotional paintings, which convinced the monks on the beach that he and his companions were not “heathen Protestants”

Haarlem Vroom died in Haarlem, in his late seventies. More on Hendrik Cornelisz Vroom

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01 CLASSIC WORKS OF ART, MARINE PAINTINGS – WITH FOOTNOTES, #52B

Henri Matisse, 1869 – 1954 , France

Étretat, c.1926

Oil on canvas

55 x 66 cm

Modern Museum, Stockholm

Étretat is a commune in the Seine-Maritime in Normandy, north-western France. It is  best known for its chalk cliffs, including three natural arches and a pointed formation called L’Aiguille or the Needle, which rises 70 metres (230 ft) above the sea.[1] The Etretat Chalk Complex, as it is known, consists of a complex stratigraphy of Turonian and Coniacian chalks.[2] Some of the cliffs are as high as 90 metres (300 ft).

These cliffs and the associated resort beach attracted artists including Eugène Boudin, Gustave Courbet and Claude Monet. Two of the three famous arches are visible from the town, the Porte d’Aval, and the Porte d’Amont. The Manneporte is the third and the biggest one, and cannot be seen from the town. More on Étretat

Henri-Émile-Benoît Matisse (31 December 1869 – 3 November 1954) was a French artist, known for both his use of colour and his fluid and original draughtsmanship. He was a draughtsman, printmaker, and sculptor, but is known primarily as a painter.

Matisse is commonly regarded, along with Pablo Picasso, as one of the artists who best helped to define the revolutionary developments in the visual arts throughout the opening decades of the twentieth century, responsible for significant developments in painting and sculpture. Along with Picasso, Matisse helped to define and influence radical contemporary art in the 20th century. Although he was initially labelled a Fauve, by the 1920s he was increasingly hailed as an upholder of the classical tradition in French painting. His mastery of the expressive language of colour and drawing, displayed in a body of work spanning over a half-century, won him recognition as a leading figure in modern art. More on Henri Matisse

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01 CLASSIC WORKS OF ART, MARINE PAINTINGS – WITH FOOTNOTES, #52A

William Joy, (Great Yarmouth 1803-1867 Chichester) 

A stiff onshore breeze with a dismasted merchantman foundering on the rocks, c. 1856.’

Watercolour with scratching out, on paper 

11¼ x 15¼ in. (28.6 x 38.8 cm.)

Private collection

George William Joy (July 7, 1844 in Dublin, Ireland – October 28, 1925 in Purbrook, Hampshire) was an Irish painter in London.  He was initially destined for the military and was also an accomplished violin player. After a foot injury at a young age, his father declared him unfit for military service. Joy was then educated at Harrow School and eventually pursued a career as an artist. He studied in London’s South Kensington School of Art and later at the Royal Academy.

In 1868 Joy went to Paris where for two years he was a student of Charles-François Jalabert and Léon Bonnat. There he met masters like Gérôme, Cabanel, Jules Breton, Jules Lefebvre und Philippe Rousseau.

Going back to London, Joy established himself as a history and genre painter, and became a frequent exhibitor at the Royal Academy, the Salon des artistes français and the Royal Hibernian Academy. He became a member of the Royal Institute of Oil Painters in 1895.

To satisfy his early military ambitions, Joy entered the Artists Rifles where he was known as a good shot, representing Ireland several times. He spent many winters in Swanage from 1896 and eventually retired to Purbrook. Both of his sons were killed in 1915 during World War I. More George William Joy

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01 CLASSIC WORKS OF ART, MARINE PAINTINGS – WITH FOOTNOTES, #94

PIERRE GAILLARDOT (French. 1910-2002)

St. Raphael

Watercolor on Paper

18 ½” by 23 ½”

Private collection

The Port of Saint -Raphael, also known as the “Vieux Port” and its small coastal town, are located directly to the West of the Esterel mountains and lie to the East of the Massif des Maures. The village of Saint -Raphael, like its neighbouring town of Frejus, has always been a small enclave between two mountain ranges of the Côte d’ Azur. Nowadays, Saint Raphael is a good place to stay in, or a home-port of choice, to appreciate the nearby 30 km long coastline of the Esterel. This coast is very popular among tourists and boat owners for its beauty that contrasts sharply with the continuously urbanised coastline that stretches along the Gulf of La Napoule, the Bay of Cannes and Golfe Juan, to the East. The Esterel coast seems like a world of its own on the French Riviera, with places such as Agay, Anthéor, The Dramont, Trayas or Boulouris, which are in fact districts of St Raphael.

On a larger scale, the Old Port of Saint Raphael is a central point to explore or enjoy the South of France. It is equidistant from the port of Saint Tropez (10 nautical miles ) and the Old Port of Cannes (16 nautical miles ) . More on The Port of Saint -Raphael

Pierre Gaillardot, 1910-2002 was born on August 2, 1910 in St. Florent (Yonne). He was a painter and watercolorist. He exhibited at many of the annual Paris Salons, of which he was also a member, including the Salon d’Automne, Salon des Indépendants, and Salon of the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts. He was the chief curator of the Salon du Dessin et de la Peinture a l’Eau. He held solo exhibitions in Paris, Cannes, Nice, Antibes, Dijon, and other towns. He received a number of awards, prizes, and gold medals.

Gaillardot was self-taught and painted a variety of subjects including boats, cycling races and polo players in bright colors with curiously executed brushwork.

Gaillardot died in 2002. He is listed in the Benexit Dictionary of Artists. More on Pierre Gaillardot

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